Lab 28 and Gel Electrophoresis

Lab 28 intro and Gel Electrophoresis PPT

Evidence for Evolution

Use the following links to answer these questions in your notes
Evidence for Evolution
Berkeley: Lines of Evidence
15 examples of evidence for evolution
Genetic Differences between humans and Primates
Evidence for Evolution "for dummies"

1) Describe the concept behind the Theory of Evolution

2) Choose 4 general types of evidence that support the theory of evolution from this list:

[genetic evidence, similarities among organisms alive today, geographical distribution of species, similarities among embryos, cell comparison, biochemical process comparison, modern examples observable in a lab]

Make a Quad T-Chart as follows and fill it in, following the example given. (do not use fossil record in YOUR CHART)

Type of Evidence	Explanation	Example	How does this type of evidence support the theory of evolution?
1) Fossil Record	Fossilized remains of extinct species of various ages ago, found buried by modern scientists	“Archaeopteryx was found in southern Germany.  It had jaws with teeth and a long bony tail like dinosaurs, broad wings and feathers like birds, and skeletal features of both.  This discovery verified the assumption that birds had reptilian ancestors.”	The extensive remains we see in the fossil record of animals and plants show how living things have changed  over time.  Often times, specific fossils illustrate the evolutionary past of current-day species.
2)
3)
4)

3) Which pieces of evidence do you find most powerful and convincing? Why?

Genetic Engineering

Resources:
Genetic Engineering powerpoint
Genetic Engineering basics Website
Image About Insulin Engineering
Union of Concerned Scientists: discussion of ethics of Genetic engineering
Cloning Process simplified
Cloning Entire Organisms
cloning genes
Ethics in genetic engineering
Stem Cell Basics

1) Key Vocab: Create a Vocabulary Flashcard for each. State the definition and then draw a picture that goes with it.  You do not have to complete this first, you may work on it as we go.
1) Genetic Engineering
2) Restriction Enzymes
3) Cloning
4) Genetically Modified Organism
5) Hybrid Interbreeding
6) Stem cells

2. Describe 2  methods scientists use to take a gene from one organism and insert it into the cells of another organism.

3. Describe an example of how genetic technology has:
a) helped society deal with food issues
b) Helped lead to solutions for diseases

4. Draw a diagram showing how scientists clone sexually reproducing organisms.

5. Why are stem cells considered important to the future of medicine?

6. Choose one type of genetic technology (genetic modification, cloning, stem cells). 
Write an argumentative paragraph explaining whether you think your specific genetic technology  is ethical or unethical.  State your claim, why you think so and then give at least 1 piece of evidence (a quote or a scientific fact) to back up your argument. Explain why the evidence you provided backs up your claim.

Human Reproduction Assignment

Take out your class notes.  
Title the page “Human reproduction, development, and cell differentiation” 

Number from 1-9 and Skip about ¼ of the page for each number.

Assignment: Human Reproduction Questions 1-9

1) Everyone complete Do Now Questions 1+2)

2) Split into groups, and only complete the reading and questions for your section:
Group 1 (vincent/marten/jeremy/david) complete part 3
Group 2: (xavier/antonio/elijah) complete part 4a, b,
Group 3: (avery/imani/sophia/marc) complete part 4 c-e
Group 4: (lissa/rosie/luisa/louise) complete parts 5
Group 5: (rashaun/nate/edison/kieran) complete part 6+9
Group 6: (steven/marj/michael) complete part 7+8

Use the following additional links to supplement your reading and help you answer the questions:

Fertilization:

http://biology.about.com/od/genetics/a/aa040805a.htm

Meiosis:

http://mssdbio.weebly.com/meiosis-1b.html

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26840/

Sex Hormones:

http://health.howstuffworks.com/sexual-health/sexuality/estrogen-and-testosterone-hormones-dictionary.htm

Central Dogma Assignment

Central Dogma Web Comic Assignment:
Task: WITH a PARTNER (2 people MAX), 
create a 6 box comic strip, with drawings AND captions for each box, showing the steps of central dogma. Also, include key vocabulary and discuss the connection of central dogma to phenotype and/or the influence of the environment on the gene (epigenetics).

Mini-Rubric:
Worth 25 classwork points

15- did you show understanding of the process and get into detail with what happens
(you have at least 6 unique steps) (2 pts per unique step). includes connection to phenotype AND/OR epigenetics.
5- includes key vocabulary and scientific language
5- artistic/creativity/neatness

Please peruse the following websites to help you complete the task:

• 3D animation
• Simple Description
• Central Dogma Overview Slides (click through concepts)
• Interactive: transcribe and translate a gene
• what makes a firefly glow
• What is a protein?
• DNA/RNA/Proteins and the first molecules on earth
• Protein Synthesis in 2 step  
• Central Dogma Story in Flash
• 3D Video of Central Dogma
• Crick's paper describing Central Dogma for the first time

Niche!

Use the websites linked here to answer the following questions:

http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/biomes/competition.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_niche

1. What is a niche?
2. If two organisms occupy the same niche, what happens?
3. Explain the concept of competition
4.  What factors do organisms compete over?
5. Why do resources become scarce in an ecosystem?
6. Will competition occur if resources are in excess?
7.  Thinking about the concept of dynamic equilibrium, what is the end result of resource scarcity and competition?
8.  How do adaptive traits evolve from competition?

Ecological Succession Powerpoint Link

Ecological Succession Powerpoint